Archive for February, 2010
Estonian Vocabulary
Germanic languages
The heaviest external contribution, nearly one third of the vocabulary, comes from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low German) during the period of German rule, and High German (including standard German). The percentage of Low Saxon and High German loanwords can be estimated at 2225 percent, with Low Saxon making up about 15 percent.
Ex nihilo lexical enrichment
Estonian language planners such as Ado Grenzstein (a journalist active in Estonia in the 1870s90s) tried to use formation ex nihilo, Urschpfung, i.e. they created new words out of nothing. Examples are Ado Grenzstein’s coinages kabe raughts, chequers and male hess.
The most famous reformer of Estonian, Johannes Aavik (18801973), also used creations ex nihilo (cf. ree constructions, Tauli 1977), along with other sources of lexical enrichment such as derivations, compositions and loanwords (often from Finnish; cf. Saareste and Raun 1965: 76). Aavik belonged to the so-called Noor-Eesti (oung Estonia) movement, which appeared in Tartu, a university town in south-eastern Estonia, around 1905 (for discussion, see Raun 1991). In Aavik dictionary (1921), which lists approximately 4000 words, there are many words which were (allegedly) created ex nihilo. Consider ese bject, kolp kull, liibuma o cling, naasma o return, come back, nme tupid, dull, range trict, reetma o betray, solge lim, flexible, graceful (which did not gain currency, cf. Contemporary Estonian graatsiline raceful, although the word itself, interestingly, is used for a certain kind of parasitic worm, namely the Ascaris lumbricoides), and veenma o convince. Other Aavikisms ex nihilo (not appearing in Aavik 1921) include nentima o admit, state, nrdima o grow indignant, sme onscience, and tik act.”
Note, however, that many of the coinages that have been considered (often by Aavik himself) as words concocted ex nihilo could well have been influenced by foreign lexical items, for example words from Russian, German, French, Finnish, English and Swedish. Aavik had a broad classical education and knew Ancient Greek, Latin and French. Consider relv eapon versus English revolver, roim rime versus English crime, siiras incere versus English sincere/serious embama o embrace versus English embrace, and taunima o condemn, disapprove versus Finnish tuomita o judge (these Aavikisms appear in Aavik 1921 dictionary). Consider also evima o have, possess, own (cf. also Estonian omama o own, and mul on, lit. o me is, i.e. or me there is, meaning have) versus English have; laup orehead versus Russian lob orehead; mrv urder and mrvama o murder versus English murder (these Aavikisms do not appear in Aavik 1921); and laip orpse versus German Leib ody and German Leiche ody, corpse. These words might be better regarded as a peculiar manifestation of morpho-phonemic adaptation of a foreign lexical item. The often irregular and arbitrary sound changes could then be explained not as subconscious foreign influence but rather as conscious manipulation by the coiner. Aavik seems to have paid little attention to the origin of his neologisms. On occasion, he replaced existing native words or expressions with neologisms of foreign descent. Therefore, Aavik cannot be considered a purist in the traditional sense, i.e. he was not nti-foreignisms/loanwords as such.
Table of word production
Proposed origin
No. of word roots
Period
Examples
Nostratic (hypothetical, highly controversial)
130?
… 10 000 BC
m(in)a ‘I’, s(in)a ‘thou’, vesi ‘water’, tabama ‘to catch, seize, capture, hit’, arbuma ‘to magic, charm’, puur ‘auger’, poeg ’son’, pkk ‘ball of the foot’, keel ‘tongue’, pelgama ‘to be afraid, fear’, sva ‘deep-seated, profound’, vedama ‘to pull, draw, drag, carry, drive’, ks ‘one’, nimi ‘name’, too ‘that’, kes ‘who’
Uralic
120
50004000 BC
ala ‘under, sub’, la ‘upper, top’, esi ‘front’, taga ‘behind’; see ‘this, it’, mis ‘what’, ei ‘no’; minema ‘to go’, tulema ‘to come’, tundma ‘to feel’, ujuma ‘to swim’, pelgama ‘to be afraid, fear’, kaduma ‘to disappear’, mskma ‘to wash’; puu ‘tree’, kuusk ’spruce, fir(-tree)’, kiv ‘birch’, murakas ‘cloudberry’, suvi ’summer’, pev ‘day’, kaja ‘echo’, kuu ‘moon, Luna’, lumi ’snow’, soo ‘marsh, bog, swamp’, juga ‘jet; falls, waterfall’, kala ‘fish’, k ’snake; blindworm’, sisalik ‘lizard’; keel ‘tongue; language’, krv ‘ear’, luu ‘bone’, maks ‘liver’, plv ‘knee’, psk ‘cheek’, silm ‘eye’, muna ‘egg’, neelama ‘to swallow’, pala ‘piece’, sulg ‘feather’, tuli ‘fire’, ssi ‘ember(s), coal’, suusk ’ski’, nool ‘arrow’, sudma ‘to row’, punuma ‘to knit’, vask ‘copper’, v ‘belt, girdle’; elama ‘to live; to dwell’, koolma ‘to die, pass away, decease’, vgi ‘power, vigour, strength, might, force’, sala ’secretly’, naine ‘woman’; kaks ‘two’, viis ‘five’
Finno-Ugric
270
40003000 BC
aju ‘brain’, di ‘marrow’, hing ’soul’, pea ‘head’, pii ‘tooth’, sapp ‘gall, bile’, vats ‘belly, stomach’; aru ’sense, reason’, j ‘ice’, koit ‘dawn, daybreak, Aurora’, voor ‘drumlin’, paju ‘willow’, pihl ‘rowan’, kask ‘birch’, mari ‘berry’, pohl ‘cowberry’, kamar ‘rind’, rebane ‘fox’, nugis ‘marten’, siil ‘hedgehog’, utt ‘ewe’, hiir ‘mouse’, p ‘grouse’, mtus ‘capercaillie’, vares ‘crow’, psuke ’swallow’, sga ‘catfish’, sinas ‘ide’, srg ‘roach’, ti ‘louse’, kusilane ‘ant’, koi ‘moth, bug’; koda ‘house, hall’, kla ‘village’; plema ‘burn, blaze’, kdema ‘burn, heat’, pada ‘pot’, leem ’soup, broth, brew’, vi ‘butter’, vits ‘knife’, vestma ‘carve’, sau ‘clay; stock for walking’; sba ‘robe’; kolm ‘three’, neli ‘four’, kuus ’six’; nid ‘witch’, ise ’self’, ilm ‘weather, air’; talv ‘winter’, sgis ‘autumn’, iga ‘age’; isa ‘father’, poeg ’son’, kdi ‘brother-in-law’, kond ‘-hood’; valge ‘white’, hahk ‘gray; eider’, uus ‘new’, sepp ‘blacksmith’
Finno-Permic
50140
25001500 BC
kht ’stomach’, kri ‘throat’, sr ‘leg, shank’, koobas ‘cave’, prm ‘dust, earth’, snnik ‘dung’, peda(jas) ‘pine tree’, kuslapuu ‘honeysuckle’, oks ‘branch’, phkel ‘nut’, kiud ‘fiber’, peni ‘dog’, orav ’squirrel’, kotkas ‘eagle’; rehi ‘threshing barn’, kuduma ‘to weave, to knit’, amb ‘crossbow’, mla ‘oar, paddle’, ng ‘angle’, i ‘father-in-law’, ike ‘thunder’, parem ‘right, better’, vana ‘old’; luna ’south, midday’, meel ‘mind’
Finno-Volgaic
100150
15001000 BC
selg ‘back’, koon ’snout’, kpp ‘paw’, vaim ’spirit’; kevad ’spring’, tht ’star’, jrv ‘lake’, haab ‘aspen’, saar ‘ash tree’, tamm ‘oak’, vaher ‘maple’, sarapuu ‘hazel’, lg ’straw’, lehm ‘cow’, siga ‘pig’, pett ‘buttermilk’, jahvatama to grind’, kurg ‘crane, stork’, kurvits ’sandpiper’, parm ‘horse fly’, ssk ‘midge’; keema ‘to boil’, hiilgama ‘to glow, to gleam’, kis ’sleeve’, piir ‘border’; vene ‘boat’; lell ‘uncle, father’s brother’; jumal ‘god’; aher ‘barren’, jahe ‘cool’, kva ‘hard’, sva ‘deep’; kargama ‘to jump’, pesema ‘to wash’, psima ‘to stay, to remain’, lpsma ‘to milk’
Finno-Lappic
130150
1000500 BC
vihm ‘rain’, sammal ‘moss’, org ‘valley’, vili ‘grain, fruit’, psas ‘bush’, pud ‘draught’, nn ‘happiness, fortune’, veli ‘brother’, ime ‘miracle’, luule ‘poetry’, taga ‘back, behind’, tsi ‘truth’,nlg ‘hunger’, kll ’surely’
Baltic-Finnic
600800
500 BC 800 AD
pder ‘elk’, oja ’stream’, udu ‘fog’, hobu ‘horse’, mnd ‘pine tree’; kne ‘talk, speech’, sna ‘word’; aeg ‘time’, eile ‘yesterday’; laps ‘child’, rahvas ‘people’, linn ‘town’; nuga ‘knife’, king ’shoe’; julge ‘bold’
Estonian and unknown
appr. 1000
rni ’silicium’, roie ‘rib’, salk ‘bunch’, videvik ‘twilight’, jrak ‘gorge, valley’, ila ’saliva’, aas ‘meadow’, lubi ‘lime’, lhn ’smell’, kaan ‘leech’, kesv ‘barley’, rp ‘cloak’, hiili- ‘to sneak’, mahe ’sweet, gentle’, mru ‘bitter’, raip ‘carrion’, roni- ‘to climb’ + numerous onomatopoetic-descriptive words
Artificial
5060
veenma ‘to persuade, convince’, roim ‘crime’ (probably derived from the English ‘crime’), laip ‘dead body, corpse’ (probably derived from the German ‘Leib’), kolp ’scull’, relv ‘weapon, arm’, ese ‘thing’, sme ‘conscience; scruple’, mrv ‘murder’ (probably derived from the German ‘Mord’), ulm ‘dream’, siiras ’sincere, candid’, range ‘rigorous, stern, severe, austere, strict, inexorable, relentless’ (? German ’streng’, Swedish ’strng’), sulnis ’sweet, meek, mild’, nme ’silly’, taunima ‘to disapprove, deprecate, deplore’, naasma ‘to return’, reetma ‘to betray’ (probably from the German ‘(ver)raten’), embama ‘to embrace’; eirama ‘to ignore’, eramu ‘private house’, etlema ‘to perform’, klar ‘loudspeaker’, klmik ‘refrigerator’, meede ‘measure’, meene ’souvenir’, siirdama ‘to transplant’, teave ‘information’, teismeline ‘teenager’, teler ‘TV set’, llitis ‘publication’, randama, levima, sva(muusika), taies ‘piece of art’, rula ’skateboard’
Proto-Indo-European loans (hypothetical)
appr. 50
50003000 BC
higi ’sweat’, huul ‘lip’, koib ‘leg’, krv ‘ear’, kube ‘groin’, klg ’side’, liha ‘meat’, lug ‘chin’, nahk ’skin, leather’, rind ‘breast’, selg ‘back’; mgi ‘hill, mountain’, mets ‘forest’, neem ‘cape’, nmm ‘moor’, oja ’stream’, org ‘valley’, saar ‘island’, soo ‘bog’; ahven ‘perch’, haug ‘pike’, koger ‘crucian carp’, koha ‘pike-perch’, rbis ‘vendace’, siig ‘whitefish’, vimb ‘vimba bream’, jnes ‘hare’, konn ‘frog’; helmes ‘bead’
Indo-European and Indo-Iranian loans
2045
30001000 BC
mesi ‘honey’, sool ’salt’, osa ‘part’, sada ‘hundred’, prsas ‘piglet’, varss ‘calf’, sarv ‘horn’, puhas ‘clean’, vasar ‘hammer’
Proto-Baltic and Baltic loans
100150
1500500 BC
hammas ‘tooth’, hani ‘goose’, hein ‘hay’, hernes ‘pea’, him ‘tribe’, oinas ‘weather’, puder ‘porridge’, prgu ‘hell’, ratas ‘wheel’, seeme ’seed’, sein ‘wall’, mets ‘wood’, luht ‘waterside meadow’, sber ‘friend’, tuhat ‘thousand’, vagu ‘furrow’, regi ’sledge’, vill ‘wool’, veel ‘more, still’, kael ‘neck’, kirves ‘axe’, laisk ‘lazy’
Proto-Germanic and Germanic loans
380
2000 BC 13th century
agan, ader ‘plough’, humal, kana ‘hen’, kaer ‘oats’, rukis ‘rye’, lammas ’sheep’, leib ‘bread’, pld ‘field’; aer ‘oar’, mrd ‘fish trap’, laev ’ship’, noot ’seine, sweep net’, puri ’sail’; kuld ‘gold’, raud ‘iron’, tina ‘tin’; sukk ’stocking’, katel ‘kettle’, knal ‘candle’, taigen ‘dough’; kuningas ‘king’, laen ‘loan’, luna ‘ransom, bail’, raha ‘money’, rikas ‘rich’, vald ‘parish, community’; kalju ‘rock’, kallas ’shore’, rand ‘coast’; armas ‘dear’, taud ‘disease’, kaunis ‘beautiful’, ja ‘and’
Old Slavic loans
5075
10th13th century
aken ‘window’, sahk ‘plough’, sirp ’sickle’, turg ‘market’, teng(elpung) ‘money’, pagan ‘heathen’, papp ‘priest’, raamat ‘book’, rist ‘cross’, kasukas ‘fur coat’
Proto-Latvian loans
40
6th7th century
kanep ‘hemp’, lts ‘lentil’, magun ‘poppy’, udras ‘otter’, kuts ‘tomcat’, palakas ’sheet’, lupard ‘rag’, harima ‘cultivate, educate, clean’, kukkel ‘bun’, vanik ‘garland’, laabuma ‘to thrive’, kauss ‘bowl’, mulk ‘inhabitant of Viljandi county’, pastel ‘leather slipper’
Low Saxon loans
750
12th16th century
kool ’school’,neer ‘kidney’, ribi ‘rib’; kruus ‘gravel’, torm ’storm’;’ krvits ‘pumpkin’, peet ‘beet’, salat ’salad’, petersell ‘parsley’, mnt ‘coin’, kmen ‘caraway, cumin’, loorber ‘laurel’, palm ‘palm (tree)’, tamm ‘dam’, roos ‘rose’, ploom ‘plum’; hunt ‘wolf; hound’, kk ‘kitchen’, kruubid ‘groat’, kringel ‘kringle, type of pastry’, pannkook ‘pancake’, pekk ‘lard’, prantssai ‘type of pastry’, slt ‘brawn’, vorst ’sausage’, li ‘oil’, trklis ’starch’, pruukost ‘breakfast’, kruus ‘mug’, pann ‘pan’, ptt ‘barrel’, korv ‘basket’, lhker ‘bota’, toober ‘tub’, tiik ‘pond’, lamp ‘lamp’, lhter ‘chandelier’; krid ’scissors’, teljed ‘looms’, vokk ’spinning wheel’, luend ‘canvas’, samet ‘velvet’, siid ’silk’, vilt ‘felt’, kuub ‘coat’, krt ’skirt’, loor ‘veil’, mts ‘cap’, muda ‘mud’, mantel ‘coat’, pksid ‘pants, trousers’, vammus ‘coat’, np ‘button’; hoov ‘courtyard’, hrber ‘mansion’, kelder ‘cellar’, kemmerg ‘toilet’, korsten ‘chimney’, ruum ‘room’, saal ‘hall’, tall ’stables’, haamer ‘hammer’, hing ‘hinge’, hvel ‘planer’, kellu ‘trowel’, kapp ‘cupboard’, pink ‘bench’, tool ’stool’, trepp ’stairs’, vall ‘wall, ridge’, vlv ‘vault’; jaht ‘hunt’, jger ‘hunter, hunt mnager, game warden’, kants ’stronghold’, ktt ‘hunter’, laager ‘camp’, lahing ‘battle’, piir ‘border’, pss ‘gun, rifle’, tk ‘bayonet’, vaht ‘watch’; altar ‘altar’, ingel ‘angel’, jnger ‘disciple’, psalm ‘psalm’, prohvet ‘prophet’, salm ‘verse’, preester ‘priest’, troost ‘consolation’, pihtima ‘to confess’, vrmnder ‘church warden, beadle’, piiskop ‘bishop’, sant ‘beggar, cripple’; preili ‘miss, maiden’, memm ‘old woman’, mats ‘boor, hick’, hrra ‘gentleman’, proua ‘lady’, kelm ‘dodger, rascal, cheat’, narr ‘joker, fool’, naaber ‘neighbour’, kuller ‘courrier’, laat ‘fair, market’, selts ’society, club’, krahv ‘count’, saks ‘German, nobleman’, arst ‘doctor’, plaaster ‘tape, plaster’; hangeldama ’smuggle’, krima ’scour’, tingima ‘to bargain’, kortel ‘quartern’, matt ‘a measure’, toll ‘inch’, vaagima ‘to weigh’, viht ‘weight’, r ‘rent’, paar ‘pair’, piik ’spike, lance’, tosin ‘dozen’, veerand ‘quarter’; nrid ‘new year’, reede ‘Friday’, tund ‘hour’, vastlad ’shrovetide’; ankur ‘anchor’, kiil ‘keel’, tr ’steer’, praam ‘pram, ferry’, madrus ’sailor’, pootsman ‘boatswain’, kotermann ’ship gremlin’, loots ‘pilot’, kipper ’skipper’; kaart ‘map, card’, kunst ‘art’, maaler ‘painter’, maalima ‘to paint’, paber ‘paper’, trkkima ‘to print’, uurima ‘to search, study, survey’, trumm ‘drum’, tantsima ‘to dance’, piip ‘pipe’, vilepill ‘whistle’, pasun ‘horn, trumpet’; just ‘just, namely’, topelt ‘double’, vrt ‘valuable’
Swedish loans
140
13th17th century
kratt ’stealing demon’, kroonu ‘army, government’, kuunar ’schooner’, pagar ‘baker’, nkk ‘mermaid, nix’, plasku ‘flask’, plika ‘girl’, tasku ‘pocket’, rim ‘herring’, tnder ‘barrel’, moor ‘old woman’, puldan, tont ‘ghost, demon’
Russian loans
350
14th20th century
kapsas, tatar, puravik, riisikas, sihvka, kiisu, suslik, kulu, prussakas, tarakan, naarits, soobel, uss; noos, moiva, vobla, mutt; kamorka, putka, sara, lobudik, trahter, koiku, nari, pruss, tkat; hlst, kamass, kirsa, kombinesoon, kott, puhvaika, marli, pintsak, retuusid, trussikud; kiisel, pontik, rosolje, rupskid, bor, uhhaa, morss, samagon; batoon, kissell, plombiir, povidlo, alkk, uhhaa; plotski, mahorka, pabeross; mannerg, kopsik; nuut, kantsik, piits, tupik, relss, jaam; kabi, knopka; kasakas, kasarmu, karauul, katelok, kiiver, munder, nekrut, pagun, polk, ranits, sinel, tentsik, utsitama, timukas, rajoon, trm, pops, artell; palakas, haltuura, parseldama, parisnik, siva, tolk, tots, pujn, kitt, tuur, ladna, prosta, sutike; kaanima, kostitama, kruttima, kupeldama
(High) German loans
500
16th20th century
larhv, lokk, seitel; kastan, pappel, kirss, jasmiin, jorjen, kartul, tulp, vihk; ahv, auster, kalkun, siisike, miisu, mops, taks, kits, vau, viidikas, nepp, pistrik; klimp, klops, kotlet, kompvek, supp, tort, viiner, soust, vahvel, vrts, vein; jope, kittel, kampsun, kleit, vest, lips, vrvel, sall, pluus; kamin, pliit, kr(kamber), sahver, latter, kabel, palat; pult, sohva, leen, kummut, kardin, sahtel; uur, klade, klamber, latern, sihverplaat, silt; opman, oober, tisler, tudeng, velsker, virtin, antvrk, aadlik, krner, kilter, kutsar, lrm, oksjon, krempel, klat; krehvtine, hull, liiderlik, napp, noobel, ontlik, plass, tumm, trammis; kleepima, klantsima, mehkeldama, sehkendama, rehkendama, trimpama, pummeldama, praalima, turnima; ahoi, proosit, hurraa, hopp, hallo
Finnish loans
90
19th20th century
aare, sangar, harras, jenka, julm, jik, snge, tehas, uljas, vaist, vihjama, silima, kuvama, haihtuma, anastama
Hebrew loans
< 5
jaana(lind) ‘ostrich’, tohuvabohu ‘chaos’
Romani loans
<5
manguma ‘to beg’
References
^ Liin, Helgi 1968. Alamsaksa laensnadest 16. ja 17. sajandi eesti kirjakeeles. Emakeele Seltsi aastaraamat 13, 1967. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 4770 (Estonian)
^ History of Estonian vocabulary (Estonian)
^ a b c See p. 149 in Zuckermann, Ghil’ad 2003, Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew, Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, (Palgrave Studies in Language History and Language Change, Series editor: Charles Jones). ISBN 1-4039-1723-X.
^ See p. 150 in Zuckermann, Ghil’ad 2003, Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew, Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, (Palgrave Studies in Language History and Language Change, Series editor: Charles Jones). ISBN 1-4039-1723-X.
Categories: Estonian language | Vocabulary
About the Author
I am China Toys Suppliers writer, reports some information about silicone strapless bra , silicon bra.
Drake goes fishing.
|
|
Kids Uncle Milty’s Travel Vest $43.99 Kids love this vest with all its many pockets. It’s great for field trips, hiking, scouting, camping and travel…. |
|
|
O’Neill Girls Skins Long Sleeve Crew With beautiful graphics, comfortable flatlock seams, and stylish color choices, this long-sleeve lycra sun shirt gives girls 50+ UV protection.So much better than a t-shirt over a swimsuit, rashguards can be worn in and out of the water. The lightweight yet dense weave dries quickly, breathes and keeps cool, yet blocks out harmful sun rays.Note: These shirts are sized to fit very snugly – if your … |
|
|
O’Neill Youth Skins Short Sleeve Rash Tee (Grass) Finally, a rash guard for boys that has a looser, more comfortable fit than traditional rash guards!Designed to be worn over swim trunks, with boardshorts, or as casual wear, this rash tee is made of the same 6 oz. lycra as O’Neill’s popular skins series of rash guards. Though it still has the same 50+ UV Protection factor, it is sized so that if you choose your child’s regular clothing size, it w… |
|
|
Learning Resources Pretend and Play Fishing Set $21.99 Pre-K and up. Everything you need to catch the big one! Includes tackle box, fishing pole with magnetic hook, 3 magnetic fish in different sizes, 3 worms, net, and adjustable fishing vest. Reinforce hand-eye coordination along with size and color matching. Tackle box measures 13″L x 7″W x 6″H…. |
|
|
Future Fisherman Infant Costume 18-24 Months $21.45 This Future Fisherman Infant Costume will allow your infant to be just like dad! This costume includes a hat, vest, shirt, pants, boot covers, and a cute fishing pole with fish! Recommended Age: 18 – 24 Months… |
|
|
Kids Outdoor Fishing Vest & Adventure Kit (Camo – Youth Small – Ages 4-7) $54.95 Tricked out with 10 pockets, loops and rings galore, this vest has the features for any up and coming adventure seeker, angler, photographer, scientist, and traveler. Suitable for the fishing outing or just a walk in the woods, this vest can carry it! Recommended for: fishing, hiking, hunting, camping, outdoors Material: 100% Nylon shell, 100% polyester internal mesh lining |
|
|
Lucky Bums Youth Moon Camp Chair Lucky Bums Kids Moon Camp Chair (Small is super versatile for kids to enjoy everywhere from the bedroom to the camp site…. |
|
|
Lucky Bums Boot Gaiters $19.95 Finally gaiters for the kids! The Kid’s Boot Gaiters from Lucky Bums are water resistant, rugged & durable gaiters that will protect the kids from those annoying thorns, branches, sticks, water, and snowflakes that are always trying to get into their shoes & boots. Made of water resistant heavy duty nylon, these rugged gaiters wrap around the leg and are secured with Velcro. The gaiters have all t… |
|
|
Lucky Bums Kid’s Backpack Speaker Strap $29.99 Meeting EN1077 safety standards for skiing, snowboarding and sledding, the kids Lucky Bums Ski and Snowboard Helmet will keep your little one safe while they tear up the slopes. Kids have seemingly limitless energy, and many of them have no fear when it comes to snowsports, thats why Luckybums made this helmet with a durable ABS shell and an EPS foam liner. Multiple vents help airflow circulate to… |
|
|
Stearns Youth Boating Vest (50-90 lbs.) $16.95 Outer shell is new weather resistant polypropylene fabric that is highly resistant to fading and strength loss from UV exposure. Child’s vest features three adjustable safety belts. USCG approved, Type III PFD. Available in Red or Blue…. |